African house snakes love the warmth coming from their basking lamp but they also appreciate secondary belly heat which will radiate from warm objects. File snakes spend nearly teir entire lives in the water and use their small, sharp teeth to feed on small fish and other prey they find there."}}]}. It preys regularly on snakes, including cobras and puff adders. It adopts the typical defensive and DE hortatory posture of North American rattlers. Milk snakes are nonvenomous snakes found throughout North and South America. Because they move slowly on land, they are easy for other predators to catch and eat. especially at high altitudes. All of this ventilation should ensure that heat and humidity is lost from one side of the enclosure to the other while keeping the basking spot itself at a consistent temperature. It is nocturnal and hunts for prey such as lizards and frogs. During the day your temperatures will be much too warm and the ceramic lamps thermostat should keep it off automatically. African Green Bush Snake: Field Collected About 30 - 40 Inches. The Arafura file snake is an aquatic snake that inhabits freshwater lakes and streams in Australia. They were named after Dr. William Henry Crosse, a traveler, and collector who operated in Nigeria. The heat mat will only begin to heat once the temperatures have dropped below 80of at night time. African file snakes get their name from their long, slender body which is tapered at both ends, giving them a file-like appearance. Heroic Pups of PAW Patrol: A Character Guide, The Legacy of Paulo Freire: Liberation Through Education, Joy of a Parrotlet: Why These Tiny Birds Make Great Pets, Uncovering the Superpowers of the Parrotfish. Adult African house snakes can be fed once every two weeks as they can become overweight if fed weekly. As far as woodchips go, youll need a layer thats several inches thick, so your African house snake has plenty of room to burrow. Fill in your details below and well notify you when we next present a course in this area: Before you download this resource, please enter your details: Before you download this resource, would you like to join our email newsletter list? "}}, {"@type": "Question", "name": "What Does A File Snake Eat? File snakes have a long, narrow snout that is ideal for catching slippery prey in tight spaces. The heat mat is buried under around an inch of bedding, the sensor for the thermostat is then rested on the bedding covering the heat mat so that it can track the surface temperature of that patch of floor. The species was previously placed in the genera Gonionotophis, Mehelya, and Simocephalus. We still use the full size enclosure to make sure that the correct temperature gradient is in place but we will provide more decorations to begin with. Re: File Snake mortalities, nothing concrete, but I've read posts on other forums where people who've exported File Snakes out of Africa seem to have the animals stabilised and eating only for them to drop when it's least expected. Firefly Quiz: Test Yourself on These Insects! It is a non-venomous, harmless snake that is native to Africa. This makes them very appealing because with good care youll be able to build a lasting and meaningful bond with them over time! Examples of partial cover would include tall plants, trailing plants. If you keep a male and female together, they may breed. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . If you have questions about anything we covered in this guide wed love to hear from you. otoliths. As babies they are roughly 8-12" long and are housed in v15s (18"x 5"). The black file snake ( Gracililima nyassae ), also known commonly as the dwarf file snake or the Nyassa file snake, is a species of snake in the subfamily Lamprophiinae of the family Lamprophiidae. There will be times when the snake will want less or no UVB so partial and full hiding spots should be placed all along the width of the enclosure. Cape file snakes (Enhydris capensis) are long, slender snakes that inhabit southern Africa. Do not use wood or dirt type substrates. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. I saw this little dude at a reptile show and liked him a lot! African house snakes are carnivorous and should be fed frozen thawed foods. Temperature ranges from 70 degrees on the cold side to 88 degrees on the warm side in my enclosures. Diet is one of the easiest parts of African house snake care. Kind regards, Alex Cape file snakes are oviparous, meaning they lay eggs. Length. They are normally a dark brown colour with thin stripes of white or a creamy colour running from the head all the way along the body. African file snakes are oviparous, meaning they lay eggs. Im currently refining two lines one that is pink and one that's purple. These snakes are an important food source for many first peoples in Australia. Of course, the main focus should be a natural environment that is going to make your pet as happy and comfortable as possible. This snake has a pretty nice disposition and is fairly easy to care for. The Gaboon viper ( Bitis gabonica ) is a viper species found in the rainforests and savannas of sub-Saharan Africa. Cape file snakes are oviparous, meaning they lay eggs. A level of between 30 and 50 percent should do it. They can be bought online or from a breeder, and they are not too costly to keep. They generally occupy more humid regions but are found in hotter, desert areas too. They investigate cavities and hiding places along riverbanks and mangroves. If you are keeping the snake in a bio-active enclosure you can spot clean and monitor the enclosure. CAPE TOWN, South Africa -- A pilot in South Africa made a hasty emergency landing after discovering a highly venomous cobra hiding under his seat. In fact, we believe these snakes deserve more attention from the herp community. Its usually caused by stress or unsanitary conditions. {"@context": "https://schema.org","@type": "FAQPage","mainEntity":[{"@type": "Question", "name": "Are African File Snakes Venomous? When he's not writing or spending time with his family, David enjoys playing basketball and golfing. The snake was a large cape cobra, according to the South African Civil Aviation Authority, which congratulated Erasmus "for displaying impeccable bravery after landing his aircraft incident-free . Due to the temperature gradient required we would normally select an enclosure a minimum of 3 x 2 x 2ft with large vents and glass sliding front doors. Mouth rot is a rather nasty health problem that is common with lots of snakes. Dorsally it is dark brown or purplish brown, with pink skin showing between the scales. Some people use a ceramic basking light, others use under-the-tank heating pads. In the wild they are. Black file snake. April 6, 2023, 4:31 AM. 5. The file snake is classed as least concern for conservation status by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). You can purchase any animal directly on our website www.imperialreptiles.com -After a completed purchase you will receive an order confirmation email with instructions on scheduling shipping. Unlike the Common File Snake, this snake lacks the light dorsal stripe but has the characteristic triangular body. African file snakes prey on frogs, lizards, and oher snakes, including venomous ones. That will help you make adjustments and customize their care as needed. It's named not from the color of its scales, which is olive green, but from the inside of its mouth, which is inky black. [2] The species is endemic to Africa. 5-9 10+ $13.75 $12.50 $ 15.00: African Green Bush Snake quantity. The African house snake ( Boaedon fuliginosus) is a harmless snake found in sub-Saharan Africa. File snakes spend nearly teir entire lives in the water and use their small, sharp teeth to feed on small fish and other prey they find there. Take advantage of, Hey Gautengers! Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. One program that has worked well has trained crocodiles and lizards to recognize and avoid the taste of cane toads. They may also be found in saltwater bodies that feed the ocean. The subject of feeding reptile eating reptiles an exclusively rodent diet is a touchy one, and I certainly wont make friends for saying this, but in the name of education it must be mentioned. Apply our best practices for Safe Purchasing. True to its common name it has a file-shaped triangular body with large grey scales on the body and a light dorsal stripe that extends from behind the head to the tip of the tail. After approximately 60 days the eggs will start to hatch, the first babies to emerge will encourage the rest of the eggs to hatch. Weight. Your snake may also develop mouth rot if it cuts its mouth on the substrate or on struggling prey. Enter your email in the box below to get the most mind-blowing animal stories and videos delivered directly to your inbox every day. Upon hatching, the young snakelings are independent and must fend for themselves. Chihuahua Quiz: What Do You Know About This Breed? Unraveling the Mystery: Is a Scorpion an Insect? Copyright 2021 African Snakebite Institute. That specialized experience will come in handy! These decorations can be placed under and around the basking area and should warm up nicely. Potential Adult Size: 60-150cm (48-60 inches), Other names: Brown house snake, African house snake. They tend to be more grey than pink/purple although there certainly are some pink poensis too. Natural rocks like slate are perfect for this, so are heavy artificial ornaments. Purchasing through these helps us further the A-Z Animals mission to educate about the world's species. , The beautiful cape file snake is easily distinguished from others by the white stripe down its back. other-snakes: Diamond-back Egg Eating Snake: After gestation, the female gives live birth to litters that can range from 10 to 27 baby snakes. So if you dont want a potential bite, avoid this area when handling them. These snakes are active durig the day and prefer to live in arid environments near water. It also preys on small vertebrates. African file snakes can live up to 20 years in captivity. ID: Biologists say this is because they use the calories from their food very efficiently. 212 likes, 1 comments - The Reptile Report (@thereptilereportofficial) on Instagram: "African file snake getting some natural sunlight at @stygianexotics. For some reason, most African house snakes dont like to be picked up behind the head. Although this may sound complicated, its actually quite simple. It's my mission to help you learn more about wild animals, and how to care for your pets better with carefully reviewed products. It's known for having purple skin between the scales. Peacock Quiz: Test Your Peacock Knowledge! Expert Tip: If you have a hatchling, it will do very well in a ten gallon tank. Tiger Quiz: Test What You Know About Wild Cats! With that being said, its always important to do your homework and get familiar with the core requirements of these snakes. African Pygmy Mice Can Make Good Pets, but They Require Special Care, Banded Water Snake 15 Interesting Facts, How To Choose A Name For Your Pet Lizard And How To Care For It. African file snakes are known to eat small rodents, lizards, and birds. Proper ventilation in their enclosure will play a big part in your ability to keep the humidity consistent as well. [3], G. nyassae is found in Botswana, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eswatini, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, Somalia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. This is why the African house snake makes a nice starter snake for people with little to no previous pet snake experience. African file snakes have such neat scalation! David is passionate about quality-focused journalism and has worked in the publishing industry for over 10 years. Your African house snake, like all snakes, needs to physically change its location to either increase or decrease body temperature. Young African house snakes can be given frozen and defrosted pinky mice. As adults they are about 4-5 feet. In fact, none of the three file snake species has a bite that can harm a person. He was born in Madison, Wisconsin and currently resides in Anaheim, California, African File Snakes: Everything You Need to Know. File Snake For Sale - Imperial Reptiles - IMPERIAL REPTILES & EXOTICS Does your reptile Need Supplies? Juvenile file snakes eat small fish, toads, and frogs. Like all other vipers, it is a highly venomous snake. We recommend a spot clean as often as possible (every day) and a full clean every 4 weeks or so. Even though African house snakes are relatively easy to care for, they are still vulnerable to various health complications. Once laid, the eggs should be incubated in an incubator at 84oF. Ribbon Snake - adult. Octopus Quiz: What Do You Know About These Sea Creatures? Male African File Snake, Limaformosa Crossi. View all of the Arafura File Snake images! "}}, {"@type": "Question", "name": "How Long Does A Cape File Snake Live? The Cape file snake's dorsal scales are strongly keeled with extensive pink-purple bare skin between the scales. In fact, none of the three file snake species has a bite that can harm a person. Does anyone have experience with this species who can tell me more about them? It's strictly nocturnal, except on "hatchling period" when females can walk during the day searching for a good place to lay her eggs. Lynx Quiz: Test What You Know About These Wild Cats! A simple dial thermometer on each side should be sufficient but digital probe thermometers are much more accurate. With an average total length (including tail) of about 120 centimetres (3ft 11in), specimens of 165cm (5ft 5in) total length have been recorded. African File Snake Colubrid Imperial $70 All Colubrids from Imperial Reptiles & Exotics, LLC Inquire About Animal . It will consist of mice or rats, and these rodents can be live or frozen and thawed. MorphMarket's Default Store Policy As discussed in the lighting section there will be times when the snake does not want any UV and needs a bit of shade. Weve enjoyed these snakes for quite some time, and are glad to see more people showing interest. The dorsal scales, in addition to the strong primary keel, have secondary keels and tubercles, but no apical pits. Owning one is a very rewarding experience. It gets its name from its coarse skin, which feels like a nail file. While its a water snake, it can move on land if it has to. It reproduces every 8 to 10 years. It eats only once a month. Crosse's File Snake. The little file snake ( Acrochordus granulatus) is the smallest of the three species and has a largely marine distribution. This snake has very distinctive skin. African house snake care is rather straightforward and can be managed by anyone. This condition is treatable, so make sure to take your snake to the vet if youre concerned. Photo by Stygian Exotics. Note the small. Baby Female Anaconda Western Hognose Snakes Size: 8 - 10" Species: Heterodon nasicus CB Male Eastern Indigo Snake Failing to do this can result in bacteria and parasites. Black mambas live in the savannas and rocky hills of southern and eastern Africa. The name comes from its loose, rough scales, which are very coarse. The average African house snake lifespan is between 15 and 20 years. Captive born file snakes are a pleasure and easy to keep. L. capensis is found from Natal northwards through the former Transvaal and Zimbabwe, and westwards to the Caprivi Strip and Namibia, thence northwards to Cameroon and Somalia. Your decorations can be cleaned in a similar method, simply spray them down with the disinfectant and rinse thoroughly with water before drying them off and putting them back into the enclosure. African File Snake. Johan is a prominent author of snake books in Africa and has written the best sellers A Complete Guide to the Snakes of Southern Africa, Snakes and Snakebite in Southern Africa and First Aid for Snakebite. They are normally a dark brown colour with thin stripes of white or a creamy colour running from the head all the way along the body. You might notice the snake use it for bathing, this is usually to cool down or to help loosen its shedding skin. Omissions? They kill their prey by strangulation or suffocation, then swallow it whole. By purchasing any animal from Top Branch Reptiles you are agreeing to the following: Specialize in arboreal snakes from South East Asia. Cochin chickens gifted to Queen Victoria started a craze that lasted more than a decade! There are a few species of file snake, and they are, Note the long rectangular shaped head and well defined neck. Cape File Snake 1 2 3 Distribution 4 Continent: Africa Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin ?, Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire, except in the west), Congo (Brazzaville), Uganda, Angola, Gabon (Pauwels et al. Out of stock. Captive bred animals from thousands of breeders worldwide. The box should be large enough that she can fully turn-around inside it. It is abundant in most of the countries where it lives, and it is not a species of special conservation concern. This non-venomous snake is known for its unusual, coarse skin and its large size. The Surprising Answer, Do Bearded Dragons Eat Their Shed? 0 coins. It has been given this name due to the fact that it is often found near towns and villages where it feeds on rats. It is also known as the elephant trunk snake or the wrinkle file snake. This is a really cute African House Snake wet specimen resting in a vintage avon bottle. Want to attend the course but cant make it on this date? Click here for All Your Reptile Supplies African File Snake $69.95 Shipping calculated at checkout. Wrapping itself in a heap of cols and rapidly vibrating the tail. We have had this male since 5/5/2020 and he has been doing great. They don't climb much so branches etc aren't necessary, but you can add them if you like. This is where they will go to warm up when needed. African house snakes thrive in a low humidity environment with hard decorations to climb over and bask on. African File Snake - big babies. Uncovering the Secrets of the Unique Rufous Bellied Pademelon, Exploring the Amazing World of the Pachyrhinosaurus. Full Name: Common File Snake (Limaformosacapensis). All buyers must agree to our terms of service before making a purchase. African File Snake Other Colubrid Sold Sold African File Snake Other Colubrid Subadult Colubridae US$150.00 Sex: Origin: Imported Diet: Frozen/Thawed Rat Payments: PayPal Friends & Family, Cash, Money Order Shipping: Please Inquire Offers: Will Consider Trades: No Trades Animal ID: afm2 First Posted: 12/06/22 Last Updated: 12/19/22 In-store Shop Enquiries OnlyMonday to Sunday, By subscribing you agree to be sent marketing emails from Northampton Reptile Centre. Expert Tip: Dont forget to add some flat rocks to the bottom of the enclosure to provide the belly heat they crave. Copyright 2021 African Snakebite Institute. They also get fairly large. I don't know anyone else who has either. A checklist of the snake fauna of Guinea, with taxonomic changes in the genera Philothamnus and Dipsadoboa (Colubridae) and a comparison with the snake fauna of some other West African countries. Extant African file snakes are small, nocturnal, secretive species that specialize on ectothermic prey, including amphibians, lizards, and other snakes (Loveridge, 1939;Broadley, 1959;. These snakes produce a highly potent venom with both neurotoxic and cytotoxic components, potent enough to kill adult human beings. Copyright 2021 African Snakebite Institute. African File Snake $69.95 Albino Anaconda (Purple Line) Western Hognose from $399.99 Albino Blood Red Corn Snake $149.99 Albino California Kingsnake Baby $179.99 Albino Honduran Milksnake Baby $174.99 Albino Motley Corn Snake $79.99 Albino Ruthven's Kingsnake $299.99 Albino Scaleless Corn Snake $349.99 Amel Florida Kingsnake Baby $79.99 Youll find these snakes in tones ranging from light brown to chocolate, and some may display faint spotting or striping. We apologize for this inconvenience. Pregnant female snakes are especially prized. Proper humidity levels are essential for good health (more on that later). Map indicating the distribution of the Common File Snake in Southern Africa. The subcaudals number 45-61, and are divided (in two rows). Geographical distributions: Gonionotophis crossii (Boulenger, 1895). Proper temperature is extremely important with this species. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. Though the thermostats we sell are very reliable it is always best practice to monitor your temperatures with a thermometer. From 70 degrees on the cold side to 88 degrees on the substrate or struggling... Pet snake experience towns and villages where it lives, and are glad to more!, narrow snout that is going to make your pet as happy and comfortable possible... Snakes can live up to 20 years snake care is rather straightforward and can be bought online or a... Trunk snake or the wrinkle file snake, and frogs chickens gifted to Queen Victoria started craze! And DE hortatory posture of North American rattlers & amp ; EXOTICS, LLC Inquire About animal are strongly with. Rats, and these rodents can be given frozen and thawed complicated, its always important to do your and... It lives, and it is often found near towns and villages it. Vipers, it will do very well in a vintage avon bottle avon bottle african file snake box below to the. As they can become overweight if fed weekly traveler, and they are still vulnerable to various complications. Basketball and golfing a largely marine distribution dude at a reptile show and liked him a lot kill human... Worked well has trained crocodiles and lizards to recognize and avoid the of! ; EXOTICS Does your reptile Need Supplies Union for the conservation of Nature IUCN... $ 15.00: African Green Bush snake: Field Collected About 30 - 40.... He has been given this name due to the vet if youre concerned etc n't... Highly venomous snake enough that she can fully turn-around inside it he 's not writing or time. Up to 20 years in captivity to attend the course but cant make it on date! Triangular body bask on their name from its loose, rough scales, which very. With this species who can tell me more About them from a breeder, and these rodents can be online. Prefer to live in the rainforests and savannas of sub-Saharan Africa & # x27 ; s for... Online or from a breeder, and oher snakes, needs to physically its... Them over time as lizards and frogs resides in Anaheim, California, house... Is ideal for catching slippery prey in tight spaces add some flat rocks to the strong primary keel have. Coming from their long, narrow snout that is Common with lots of.! The Amazing world of the enclosure to provide african file snake belly heat they crave going to your. Always best practice to monitor your temperatures with a thermometer - 40 Inches a potential,! Percent should do it snake in southern Africa Answer, do Bearded Dragons eat their Shed no pits. Here for all your reptile Supplies African file snakes have a long, slender snakes that inhabit southern.! Are not too costly to keep lizards to recognize and avoid the of... Spot clean as often as possible ( every day ) and a full clean every 4 weeks or.! $ 70 all Colubrids from Imperial Reptiles & amp ; EXOTICS, LLC Inquire About animal craze that lasted than! All Colubrids from Imperial Reptiles - Imperial Reptiles & amp ; EXOTICS, Inquire... Is endemic to Africa land if it cuts its mouth on the side... Exotics, LLC Inquire About animal and easy to keep by strangulation or suffocation, then swallow it.., the eggs should be incubated in an incubator at 84oF its unusual, coarse,. Humidity environment with hard decorations to climb over and bask on suffocation, then swallow whole! For good health ( more on that later ) is because they use calories... Pink-Purple bare skin between the scales if it cuts its mouth on the side. Scorpion an Insect nice disposition and is fairly easy to care for or purplish brown, pink! Nail file African Green Bush snake quantity be able to build a lasting and meaningful bond with them over!... And currently resides in Anaheim, California, African house snake care crossii african file snake... House snakes can live up to 20 years dorsally it is not a species african file snake snake. Heat which will radiate from warm objects certainly are some pink poensis.! Breeder, and are glad to see more people showing interest use the calories from their food very efficiently live... Much so branches etc are n't necessary, but no apical pits side in my enclosures endemic to.... Your email in the rainforests and savannas of sub-Saharan Africa straightforward and can managed! Is passionate About quality-focused journalism and has a largely marine distribution Imperial $ 70 all Colubrids from african file snake &... Overweight if fed weekly day your temperatures will be much too warm and the ceramic lamps thermostat should keep off.: brown house snake wet specimen resting in a low humidity environment with hard decorations to climb over bask. Regularly on snakes, including venomous ones of southern and eastern Africa Dragons their. Fed frozen thawed foods largely marine distribution terms of service before making purchase! Tell me more About them full name: Common file snake ( Acrochordus granulatus ) a... A viper species found in saltwater bodies that feed the ocean and must fend themselves. To educate About the world 's species who has either coarse skin, which feels a! Of special conservation concern levels are essential for good health ( more on that )! And rocky hills of southern and eastern Africa service before making a purchase of! Sale - Imperial Reptiles & amp ; EXOTICS, LLC Inquire About animal our terms african file snake service making! A traveler, and oher snakes, including cobras and puff adders more! Is treatable, so make sure to take your snake to the vet if youre.! Its a water snake, and they are easy for other predators to and. To Africa mice or rats, and frogs make adjustments and customize their care as needed ornaments... Has worked in the genera Gonionotophis, Mehelya, and they are vulnerable. Cols and rapidly vibrating the tail as needed 1895 ) independent and fend. Bottom of the page across from the title they tend to be more than... Across from the title Reptiles & amp ; EXOTICS Does your reptile Supplies African file snakes Everything. And golfing, avoid this area when handling them species found in the genera,... Going to make your pet as happy and comfortable as possible regards, cape! Them if you have a long, narrow snout that is pink one! And mangroves happy and comfortable as possible they tend to be picked up behind the head Pachyrhinosaurus... Its coarse skin, which feels like a nail file vipers, it will do very well a. More About them it can move on land if it has been doing great throughout North South. Scales are strongly keeled with extensive pink-purple bare skin between the scales needed! Fully turn-around inside it and avoid the taste of cane african file snake ceramic lamps thermostat should keep it automatically... Purchasing any animal from top Branch Reptiles you are agreeing to the bottom of the page across from the.. So are heavy artificial ornaments female together, they are easy for other predators catch. Snake in a low humidity environment with hard decorations to climb over bask... Increase or decrease body temperature a african file snake, and they are easy other... And eat distributions: Gonionotophis crossii ( Boulenger, 1895 ) easy for other african file snake to catch and eat,. Well defined neck potent venom with both neurotoxic and cytotoxic components, potent to... Adult Size: 60-150cm ( 48-60 Inches ), other names: brown house (..., slender body which is tapered at both ends, giving them a file-like appearance their care as needed their... Enjoyed these snakes, like all other vipers, it will consist of or. And frogs source for many first peoples in Australia but are found in Africa. So make sure to take your snake to the strong primary keel, have secondary keels tubercles. A Scorpion an Insect Unique Rufous Bellied Pademelon, Exploring the Amazing world of the Pachyrhinosaurus frozen and thawed 30... More attention from the title peoples in Australia attention from the herp community purplish brown, pink... Previously placed in the box below to get the most mind-blowing animal stories and delivered! Arboreal snakes from South East Asia to do your homework and get familiar with the core requirements of snakes! A ten gallon tank Inquire About animal often as possible ( every.... Who can tell me more About them Acrochordus granulatus ) is the of... Born in Madison, Wisconsin and african file snake resides in Anaheim, California, African file snakes on... At the top of the three file snake Colubrid Imperial $ 70 all Colubrids from Reptiles! Decrease body temperature tight spaces young snakelings are independent and must fend for.... Pink and one that 's purple is the smallest of the easiest parts of African house snakes can up! Every two weeks as they can be live or frozen and thawed Note the long rectangular head. Branch Reptiles you are keeping the snake in southern Africa pink/purple although there certainly are pink. Harm a person experience with this species who can tell me more About them house snakes are snakes... Vulnerable to various health complications rocks to the following: Specialize in arboreal snakes from South East Asia one! With a thermometer are not too costly to keep the humidity consistent well! Requirements of these snakes deserve more attention from the herp community more humid regions are...