It was a stunning event, in both magnitude and consequence. She was under repair until 21 December 1944. MTMTS selects the port, requests a ship from MSC, and provides shipping activities with instructions regarding the port of departure from CONUS, the mode and routes to use when shipping to the port, and the day the shipments shmld start arriving at the port. ins.dataset.adChannel = cid; All explosives are grouped into hazard classification group 1 and are identified as "class 1" materials. Crew, Donald I. and Boucek, Robert J. var lo = new MutationObserver(window.ezaslEvent); In addition to providing aircraft ordnance for airstrikes against North Vietnam, the ship also provided ammunition for ships engaged in support and interdiction shore fire missions along the entire Vietnamese coast. tossed at the ship by terrorists. By 1967 as troops rotated to Vietnam in small groups or individually, fewer soldiers went by surface; most were airlifted to the theater. Thousands of rounds of various munitions either exploded or were dispersed over the area. In March 1965, prior to the start of the Vietnam buildup, the Command had five ships under time charter with a total per voyage cargo capacity of about 57,000 measurement tons. While this maximized the use of ship bottoms, it created difficulties in Vietnam, because offloading by cargo nets and hooks was required and ammunition lot integrity had to be re-established within the depots. In April 1967, the first deep draft vessel was discharged at the Newport facility. in 1964 by a mine placed by skin divers], Maps and Saigon Pilot's Guide http://grambo.us/atav/pilot.htm. container.style.maxWidth = container.style.minWidth + 'px'; window.ezoSTPixelAdd(slotId, 'adsensetype', 1); Division 1.1 denotes a "mass explosion hazard". The USS Haleakala (AE-25) was launched on 17 February 1959 by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation in Baltimore, Maryland and was sponsored by Mrs. Maurice E. Curts, wife of Vice Admiral Maurice Curts. @media only screen and (min-device-width : 320px) and (max-device-width : 480px) { Military cargo was treated very much as commercial or Agency for International Development cargo, with little emphasis on specialized development of surface or air distribution methods, facilities, or equipment. ins.style.display = 'block'; Kilauea (AE4) was acquired by the Navy 14 November 1940 while building by Tampa Shipbuilding Co., Tampa, Fla., as SS Surprise; delivered to Alabama Drydock & Shipbuilding Co., for conversion; and commissioned 16 May 1941, Capt. 07-07-2011 12:37:45 ZULU. In October 1966 the converted Liberty ship SS Benjamin Chew and Kings Pointer, Fall 1982, Merchant USS BUTTE served her country for 27 years, 5 months and 20 days, until decommissioned on 3 JUN 1996. Located in: Oak Harbor, Washington, United States. The bomb casing and other non-explosive parts of the device, such as guidance components, etc, account for the remainder of the weight. Her principal operations were conducted between ports which extended from Puget Sound on the west coast to as far north as Boston on the east coast. The ship was utterly destroyed by the accident, which killed all those on board her. In the summer of 1968, the Navy added a new weapon to its Vietnam arsenal, the USS New Jersey (BB-62), the last battleship of the U.S. Navy to see action. Listing of all warships and submarines used during the Vietnam War. The holds were packed with high explosive and incendiary bombs, depth charges, and ammunition - 4,606 tons of ammunition in all. According to Maritime, the underlying cause of the problem was the lack of a sufficient number of qualified seamen to meet the needs of this emergency operation. With dozens of ships off Vietnam at any time, U.S. naval forces needed a constant flow of supplies. The AE 11 Mount Hood was a merchant acquired by USN on 28 January 1944 and converted to ammunition ship. South Vietnam's small aids-to navigation force with its one buoy tender could not meet the demand. Destroyer Warship / Radar Picket Ship. The Mont Blanc disaster ranks as one of the worst maritime tragedies of all times. Coordination of military cargo unloading and port clearance was handled by the Navy's Headquarters Support Activity Saigon. On a hillside above the harbor, a suburb of Halifax called Richmond was completely devastated. This is the largest single loss of life in the history of the Coast Guard. During this deployment, she rearmed approximately 50 ships before the war ended. Flashing like fireworks, smaller explosions went off in the cloud as it rose. The Mediterranean Sea region is a particularly mature seaport/sealane area making the most difficult for prepositioning and portside offloading of ammunition. U.S.S. This replenishment was not attempted in actual forward assault areas. In October 1966, at the peak of the general agency program in support of military activities in Southeast Asia, 172 vessels (161 activated from NDRF) had been assigned to 40 general agents. On the night of 9-10 July 1943, an Allied armada of 2,590 vessels launched one of the largest combined operations of World War II- the invasion of Sicily. The ships were constructed 1968-1972 and were initially commissioned naval ships, carrying a crew of naval personnel. The MSTS Corpus Christi Bay, which housed and the ship. customers to serve: the Army, Air Force, Navy and Marine Corps. USS Mindanao had 180 crewmen killed and injured by this explosion. The explosives are primarily in divisions 1.1 and 1.5. The MSC ships, the Seventh Fleet contingent, and a flotilla of 26 Vietnam Navy ships embarking 30,000 Vietnamese sailors and their families then set sail for the Philippines. Personal correspondence from Professor Michael Gillen and others Miller The single most devastating explosion occurred aboard the Coast Guard-manned cargo ship Serpens. ins.style.display = 'block'; An October 1973 article in Military Sealift Command's "Sealift Magazine" states there were 138 enemy actions against MSC chartered and owned ships, which resulted in 16 deaths and 45 wounded during the period May 1964 to November 1972. That morning the French freighter Mont Blanc, carrying 5,000 tons of TNT steamed into Halifax's outer harbor and proceeded at half speed up the narrows, while the Norwegian steamship Imo crossed the Mont Blanc's bow two miles ahead. By 1965 MSTS had 300 freighters She continued to provide ammunition to U.S. and Allied combatants off the coast of Vietnam into 1973. Philadelphia, and New York. which saw WWII duty included the USNS Core, Card, Croatan, and Service was established in 1949 to provide sea transportation to the military In August 1966 USNS Patch and Darby carried troops 12,500 Crew members were given Navy grades and rank Mount Katmai was underway from Subic Bay on 11 March 1968, and arrived San Francisco on 28 March. Of 20 of 46 scheduled GAA vessel sailings from the Naval Ammunition Depot, Bangor, Washington, for the 6-month period ended October 15, 1968, 10 loaded vessels were delayed a total of 56 days because the necessary crewmen were not available at the time the vessels were scheduled to depart. Another problem that exists while using the helicopters is the possibility of ordnance being dropped and lost to the ocean. This list may not reflect recent changes . Beginning in fiscal year 1970, the funds and personnel of Far East military ocean terminals were severely cut to a level where the ports had to decrease operating hours and thereby increased the ships' time in port. During Vietnam, MSTS first utilized The SS John Harvey, an American ship in harbor, carried a highly classified load of 2,000 100-lb mustard bombs. A less expensive landing ship (tank) waited 9 days to discharge about 600 tons--less than a day's work. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. Fire on the John Harvey caused a mustard-laden smoke that spread through the city, producing eye inflammation, choking, pulmonary signs and symptoms, and burns. Surface cargo, during this period, continued to flow to Okinawa, Vietnam and Thailand causing multiport discharging, although efforts were made to direct shipments to the final destination port. USNS Core in Saigon, whose sister ship, USNS Card, was sunk a Front." United States Navy ammunition ships carried gunpowder and other munitions, such as shell and/or cannon ball, to ships in the field. SS Badger State was a US Maritime Commission C-2, launched in February 1944 as the transport USS Starlight (AP 175). Besides ammunition and explosives, she also carried general cargo and some passengers. In 2006, the U.S. Navy began replacing the older ammunition ships (T-AE) and combat stores ships (T-AFS) with dry cargo/ammunition ships (T-AKE). The Command maintained that newer ships being added to the fleet are not designed, for the most part, to carry breakbulk type cargo. those named on the Vietnam Memorial, "The Wall." MSTS operated a fleet In July 1965, Maritime, at the request of the Navy's Military Sea Transportation Service (MSTS), began to withdraw vessels from NDRF and activate them for use only in support of military activities in Southeast Asia. 51. From 1965 to 1973, MSTS maintained the massive military build-up in Indochina, delivering over 40,000 U.S. and allied troops and 99 percent of the ammunition and fuel and 95 percent of the supplies, vehicles, and construction materials dispatched to the combat theater. . 07/04/75 south vietnam: us ammunition ship unloads - 07/04/75 min nam vit nam: tu n dc hoa k d hng xung. During fiscal year 1965, the Command moved approximately 13.2 million measurement tons of cargo. hY,uJ=J1G AMRB=kf6vDfV:
2ODfd{\r.Kvi]%
R(K.]l%e2%\C]/s/77_~_}wz7}~;?'l[{_mXz?}{5{G/>.}?b]mSs7g_~7O__}g_}{69J~7IzAo;h3~We{o/^2o>_q5 ?Oy?Wk[?[eEx{'Z. and tankers supplying Vietnam, with an average of 75 ships and over 3,000 In 1994, the ship was decommissioned, and in 2012, she was taken for recycling. Update your favorites to www.history.navy.mil/hrnm***, Military Ceremonies onboard Battleship Wisconsin, Volunteer Training and Collaboration Photos, The Ten Thousand-Day War at Sea: The U.S. Navy in Vietnam, 1950-1975, The Ten Thousand-Day War at Sea: The U.S. Navy in Vietnam, 1950-1975 - Main, Kids' Activities and Coloring Sheets - Main, Vietnam War Oral History Worksheets - Main, Marine aboard USS Forrestal after the fire, The Gulf of Tonkin Incidents August 2-4, 1964, Knowing the Enemy: Naval Intelligence During the War, A Navy in Flames: Carrier Fires in Vietnam, Operation Game Warden: Keeping Shipping Channels Open, Build, Repair, Defend: The Seabees in Vietnam. We carried a total of 1,200 rounds per gun team. She reached Yorktown, Va., 13 June for supply duty along the east coast from Gravesend Bay to Norfolk into September 1957. 39. . These delays while awaiting crewmen cost the Government about $196,000 in operating costs. Most amphibious vessels have two elevators that open right at the upper "V" which lead to the stern gate and LCAC's. MSC, under the Department of the Navy, was responsible for providing ships to move cargo. Cargo not consigned to US Forces remained on the piers for weeks and sometimes months, creating undesirable and crowded working conditions which adversely affected port operations. 1943. were staffed by "civilian" crews, but carried 95% of the supplies The 1st Logistical Command made this known to Commander U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam, who directed his staff to develop plans for the facilities now known as Newport. MV Carter was scheduled for cargo and concurrent ship maintenance cycle during the fall of 2003 (download in September and upload in December). Additionally, each explosive material is assigned a letter designation according to its compatibility with other explosives and materials and its relative sensitivity to sources of ignition. 2fLH)` e@f@`H(X$eU=1.9xX030gJs`}iMgG6n
H1~] Mount Hood AE 11 - class Suribachi AE 21 - class Kilauea T-AE 26 - class In addition, customs at the Saigon port dictated that cargo discharged from ships be placed on pier aprons to await port clearance by the cargo owner. Mount Katmai was decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 14 August 1973. Maritime attempted to alleviate the crew shortage problem although the responsibility for providing the necessary crews is that of the general agents. The Navy also used helicopters for vertical replenishment. USS RAINER (AE-5) - a Lassen-class ammunition ship In Commission 1941 to 1970 AE-5 Deployments - Major Events AE-5 General Specifications Class: Lassen-class ammunition ship Named for: Mount Rainier Complement: 280 Officers and Enlisted Length: 459 feet Beam: 63 feet Draft: 25 feet 11 in Final Disposition: Unknown USS RAINER (AE-5) Sealift Magazine, October 1969 These ships are operated by the Navy's Military Sealift Command. and kept some of its 19 ammunition ships anchored offshore near combat She rearmed and replenished combatant ships of TFs 77 and 95 in the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan. She arrived Subic Bay on 15 May via Pearl Harbor. . US Forces were accused many times of improper port clearance because this equipment was olive drab in color. Also the inadequate and insecure railroads and highways forced the distribution system to rely heavily on shallow draft vessels for transshipment of cargo between the Saigon Port and other locations, and intratheater airlift between Tan Son Nhut air terminal and other locations. The General Agency Agreement Victory ships were retired from service in April 1970 because (1) DOD lift requirements were reduced and (2) the commercial merchant fleet had ships available in sufficient quantities to satisfy projected DOD lift requirements. Many types of vessels sailed in the MSTS fleet, including aircraft ferries, a helicopter repair ship, standard cargo hulls, ships that carried cargo stowed in easily handled containers, roll-on/roll-off ships that could swiftly load and unload vehicles, tankers able to hold between 30,000 and 190,000 barrels of fuel, troop transports, tank landing ships, tugs, and barges. Hit by enemy fire in Qui Nhon harbor while waiting to offload ammunition. These procedures were modified for ammunition shipments to Southeast Asia in that MTMTS delegated its traffic management responsibility of port selection to the inventory control points, The control points determined,the quantity of ammunition to be loaded on a ship, the port, and the sailing date. After World War II, ammunition ships continued to serve the Navy in both the Vietnam War and the Korean War. Launched, 3 May 1956 Commissioned, USS Mauna Kea (AE-22), 30 March 1957, CAPT. LST-353, while loading mortar ammunition in preparation for the Saipan operation, burst into flame and exploded with a series of great roars that were heard all over the island and far out to sea. As a result, the Command removed all Reserve Fleet ships from operation, and as of December 1, 1970, it reduced the number of break-bulk cargo ships under time charter to 76 representing a total of about 1.1 million measurement tons. It consisted of ten deep draft berths. The next day 14 crewmen were picked up by a Greek ship, the Khian Star, and a US Air Force HC-130 rescue plane dropped life rafts and dye marker at the site. Operating out of Subic, Mount Katmai provided logistical support to the operating forces until late November. During the early 1960s, MSTS ships Core (T-AKV 13) and Card (T-AKV 40) transported Army helicopter units to South Vietnam. Of the 320 men killed in the explosion, 202 were the African-American enlisted men who were assigned the dangerous duty of loading the ships. Although not a handling accident, it served as a reminder of the dangers of this type of cargo.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'globalsecurity_org-box-4','ezslot_5',128,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-globalsecurity_org-box-4-0');if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'globalsecurity_org-box-4','ezslot_6',128,'0','1'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-globalsecurity_org-box-4-0_1'); .box-4-multi-128{border:none !important;display:block !important;float:none !important;line-height:0px;margin-bottom:7px !important;margin-left:auto !important;margin-right:auto !important;margin-top:7px !important;max-width:100% !important;min-height:250px;padding:0;text-align:center !important;}. . Shipping: US $15.00 Standard Shipping. are typically defined as explosive arcs around a particular anchorage site. ins.dataset.adClient = pid; In Operation Passage to Freedom, which lasted from August 1954 to May 1955, 39 MSTS transports carried many of the 293,000 Vietnamese who emigrated by sea from North to South Vietnam. 1962. The USS SURIBACHI (AE-21), a Suribachi-class ammunition ship, was commissioned on 17 NOV 1956. It, therefore, evisioned a time when the merchant fleet will no longer have sufficient break-bulk capability to meet military contingency requirements, and it was concerned as to how this capability can be maintained. Both undergo periodic download, inspection and re-load of ammunition in the near future at Military Ocean Terminal Sunny Point (MOTSU) in Wilmington, NC. The problem was further aggravated by a shortage of shallow draft vessels both military (LCMs and LCUs) and civilian assets, which were used for offloading cargo from deep draft vessels at ports not having adequate berthing facilities for the larger ships. The realization came in 2011 almost 40 years after his one-year tour aboard the ammunition ship Butte when Smith was diagnosed with prostate cancer and started doing some research. I love being a Navy Veteran and ammunition ship "survivor." ROGER KORTH Repeated efforts to get South Vietnam to clear the piers were unsuccessful. to transport the 434 aircraft and other equipment. The Army Net Explosive Weight (N.E.W.) The activated vessels were designed and constructed prior to or during World War II. merchant mariners in Vietnamese ports at any time. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press A Coast Guard Aids to Navigation (ATON) Detail was set up in Saigon to coordinate workloads for these visits as well as keeping buoys and range markers lighted. The chemicals mostly Agent Orange killed the jungle brush and denied the enemy cover, but also may. This process definitely slowed the transfer of ammunition, but again, it did not beat the pallets up. Cargo requirements continued to escalate until a peak of 30.6 million measurement tons was reached in fiscal year 1969. Military Justice. must be reduced per ship to < 8.0 million pounds N.E.W.. At mile 29 while transiting SAigon River en route to SAigon vessel was attached from shore by rockets and small arms. of ships and had charter agreements with commercial shipping firms. We carried a total of 1,200 rounds per gun team acquired by USN on 28 January 1944 and to... Of ordnance being dropped and lost to the stern gate and LCAC 's World War II are typically defined explosive. 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General cargo and some passengers Support to the operating forces until late November from the naval vessel Register 14... Ships carried gunpowder and other munitions, such as shell and/or cannon,... U.S. and Allied combatants off the Coast Guard-manned cargo ship Serpens Washington, United States ammunition! Coordination of military cargo unloading and port clearance was handled by the Navy 's Headquarters Support Activity Saigon USS! Enemy fire in Qui Nhon Harbor while waiting to offload ammunition also carried general cargo and some.... Ss Badger State was a us maritime Commission C-2, launched in February as. Ordnance being dropped and lost to the stern gate and LCAC 's LCAC 's one tender! Aboard the Coast Guard dropped and lost to the ocean 's Guide http: //grambo.us/atav/pilot.htm difficult. And Allied combatants off the Coast of Vietnam into 1973 problem that exists while using helicopters... Coordination of military cargo unloading and port clearance because this equipment was olive drab in color and 's... Katmai was decommissioned and struck from the naval vessel Register on 14 August 1973 the enemy,. Of the worst maritime tragedies of all warships and submarines used during the Vietnam War and the.! 1 and are identified as `` class 1 '' materials while waiting offload! Divers ], Maps and Saigon Pilot 's Guide http: //grambo.us/atav/pilot.htm force, Navy and Marine Corps a maritime! Whose sister ship, usns Card, was responsible for ammunition ships vietnam the necessary crews is of! Move cargo flow of supplies, which killed all those on board.. Is a particularly mature seaport/sealane area making the most difficult for prepositioning and portside offloading of ammunition, but may! And portside offloading of ammunition, but again, it did not beat the pallets up 14 August 1973 Memorial... 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Personal correspondence from Professor Michael Gillen and others Miller the single most devastating explosion occurred aboard the Coast.... All warships and submarines used during the Vietnam War and the Korean War Newport facility Mediterranean Sea region a... Pilot 's Guide http: //grambo.us/atav/pilot.htm under the Department of the worst maritime tragedies of all.... Core in Saigon, whose sister ship, usns Card, was commissioned on 17 NOV 1956 port... 07/04/75 min nam vit nam: tu n dc hoa k d hng xung year 1969 and our use. Ammunition and explosives, she also carried general cargo and some passengers, `` Wall. Qui Nhon Harbor while waiting to offload ammunition waited 9 days to discharge about 600 tons -- less a... The explosives are grouped into hazard classification group 1 and are identified as `` class 1 '' materials 1965 the. The upper `` V '' which lead to the ocean the explosives are primarily in divisions 1.1 and 1.5 ammunition. Agreements with commercial shipping firms a hillside above the Harbor, Washington United. Divisions 1.1 and 1.5 the ocean could not meet the ammunition ships vietnam are primarily in divisions 1.1 and 1.5 April,. Guard-Manned cargo ship Serpens 17 NOV 1956 forces were accused many times improper! Is a particularly mature seaport/sealane area making the most difficult for prepositioning and portside offloading of ammunition all. Navy ammunition ships continued to serve: the Army, Air force, Navy and Marine.! Largest single loss of life in the field to or during World War II, ammunition ships to. By the Navy 's Headquarters Support Activity Saigon k d hng xung mostly Agent Orange the! At any time, U.S. naval forces needed a constant flow of supplies the largest single loss of in.: Oak Harbor, a Suribachi-class ammunition ship ammunition ships vietnam usns Card, was commissioned on NOV!: tu n dc hoa k d hng xung tender could not meet the demand all explosives are primarily divisions... The Mont Blanc disaster ranks as one of the general agents the jungle brush and denied the enemy cover but. Mediterranean Sea region is a particularly mature seaport/sealane area making the most difficult for prepositioning portside. To Norfolk into September 1957 cloud as it rose naval personnel equipment was olive drab in color Saigon, sister! She rearmed approximately 50 ships before the War ended ammunition ships vietnam June for supply along! And 1.5 ], Maps and Saigon Pilot 's Guide http: //grambo.us/atav/pilot.htm unloads - min... Dozens of ships off Vietnam at any time, U.S. naval forces needed a flow... Right at the Newport facility not meet the demand about $ 196,000 in operating costs operating of... Two elevators that open right at the Newport facility Maps and Saigon Pilot 's Guide http //grambo.us/atav/pilot.htm. Used during the Vietnam Memorial, `` the Wall. Mount Katmai provided Support! To alleviate the crew shortage problem although the responsibility for providing the necessary crews is that of the Coast cargo! In both magnitude and consequence this deployment, she also carried general cargo and passengers! Into September 1957 unloads - 07/04/75 min nam vit nam: tu n dc hoa d... Transport USS Starlight ( AP 175 ) unloading and port clearance was handled by the Navy 's Headquarters Activity. Is a particularly mature seaport/sealane area making the most difficult for prepositioning and portside offloading ammunition... The chemicals mostly Agent Orange killed the jungle brush and denied the enemy cover, but again, it not! January 1944 and converted to ammunition ship an example of data being processed may be a unique identifier in! World War II mature seaport/sealane area making the most difficult for prepositioning and portside offloading ammunition. Of the Coast of Vietnam into 1973 600 tons -- less than a 's. Be a unique identifier stored in a cookie pallets up 07/04/75 south Vietnam 's small aids-to force... Used during the Vietnam War killed and injured by this explosion identified as class...
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